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The evidence base

Guidelines and sources

Every statement on this platform resolves to a claim, and every claim resolves to one of these 54 sources at a stated location. Each record has been checked against its publisher for currency and supersession on the date shown.

Read — 31 sources, 137 claims

Full text obtained and read. Every claim on this platform derives from one of these.

Tier 1 — UK official

Tier 2 — specialist societies

Tier 3 — systematic evidence

Tier 5 — reference organisations

Cited but not yet read — 23 of 54

These are real, verified, correctly cited documents whose full text we have not read. They appear in this ledger because their existence, publisher, date and currency have been confirmed — not because anything on this platform rests on them. No claim derives from any source in this list.

Most are blocked rather than neglected: the Journal of Hepatology returns HTTP 403 to us, which puts most EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines out of reach, and TOXBASE is subscription-only. A citation you cannot read cannot support a clinical statement, so these support none.

Tier 1 — UK official

  • Advanced therapy medicinal products: regulation and licensing in UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency / GOV.UK · 2015-01-26 · current
  • TOXBASE clinical toxicology database National Poisons Information Service · date not established · status unknown

Tier 2 — specialist societies

  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2018 · current
  • Nutrition in Chronic Liver Disease EASL Guideline European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2018 · current
  • Management of Ascites, Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis, and Hepatorenal Syndrome in Cirrhosis European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2010 · status unknown
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatic encephalopathy European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2022-09 · current
  • Corrigendum to 'EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatic encephalopathy' [J Hepatol 2022 (77) 807-824] European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2023 · current
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025-02 · current
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on liver transplantation European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2024 · current
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Liver transplantation European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2016 · superseded
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on TIPS European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025 · current
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on extrahepatic abdominal surgery in patients with cirrhosis and advanced chronic liver disease European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025 · current
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on vascular diseases of the liver European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025 · current
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of autoimmune hepatitis European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025 · current
  • EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection European Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025 · current
  • EASL-ERN Clinical Practice Guidelines on Wilson's disease European Association for the Study of the Liver and European Reference Network · 2025 · current
  • EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) EASL, EASD and EASO (joint) · 2024 · current
  • Acute Liver Failure Guidelines American College of Gastroenterology · 2023-07 · current
  • AASLD Practice Guidance on acute-on-chronic liver failure and the management of critically ill patients with cirrhosis American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases · 2024-06 · current
  • AASLD Practice Guidance on risk stratification and management of portal hypertension and varices in cirrhosis American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases · 2024 · current
  • Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by EASL and AASLD AASLD and EASL (joint) · 2014 · status unknown

Tier 3 — systematic evidence

  • Baveno VII - Renewing consensus in portal hypertension Baveno VII Faculty · 2022 · current

Tier 4 — primary research

  • Elective Liver Transplant List Mortality: Development of a United Kingdom End-Stage Liver Disease Score Barber K, Madden S, Allen J, et al. · 2011-08-27 · current

Recommendation currency

NICE stamps each recommendation with the year it was last written or revisited. A guideline published recently can consist largely of recommendations last examined years earlier, and that marker is the most useful thing a clinician can know about a recommendation.

We cite 25 marked recommendations, spanning 2016 to 2023:

What an older marker does and does not mean

A 2016 marker does not mean the recommendation is wrong or withdrawn. It means the guideline development group did not revisit it at the most recent update — while it did revisit others in the same document. That is information about editorial attention, not about clinical validity.

It matters because the reader cannot otherwise tell the difference between a recommendation reaffirmed after review and one carried forward untouched. Both appear in the same guideline, in the same typeface, on the same page.

Every marker on this platform is shown beside the recommendation it belongs to, inside the evidence view of the statement that rests on it.

How to read a source record

Tier follows the source hierarchy: UK official first, then specialist societies, then systematic evidence, then primary research. Lower tiers are used only where higher tiers are silent.

Status is what the publisher says, not what we infer. Where a publisher gives contradictory supersession signals, the status is recorded as unknown rather than guessed — three sources currently sit there, and that is a finding about the publishers, not about us.

Claim count is the number of claims that cite the source. It is computed at build time and cannot be edited independently of the evidence.

Nothing on this page is a clinical recommendation. It is the provenance of the recommendations elsewhere on the platform. Each source has its own page in the Evidence Library, showing what was drawn from it and when its status was last checked.